الفهرس 
Characterization and Applications of Membranes Prepared from Some Hydrophilic Polymers and Cotton Based Fabric
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Abstract
Preparation of effective membrane with special surface treatment for oil/water separation and heavy metal ions removal having promising future and low manufacturing cost. The suggested membrane was fabricated by a simple treatment via increasing the hydrophilicity of the cotton fabric surface. The cotton fabric was impregnated in poly(acrylic acid-co-N-methylol acrylamide) poly(AA-co-NMA), poly(methacrylic acid-co-N-methylol acrylamide) poly(MAA-co-NMA) and poly(maleic acid-co-N-methylol acrylamide) poly(MA-co-NMA) solutions followed by drying and curing. Different factors including N-methylol acrylamide (NMA) percentage where NMA acts as bonding agent, sodium hypophosphite (SHP) percentage which was added to the modified solution to enhance the bonding between the cotton fabric and the copolymer, and curing temperature, were studied to optimize the amount of poly(AA-co-NMA) bonded to the cotton fabric. It was found that, the presence of 3.5 % NMA and addition of 5 % SHP to the modified solution then curing at 190oC gave the highest amount of bonded copolymer to the cotton fabric. The optimum conditions obtained from poly(AA-co-NMA) were applied for poly(MAA-co-NMA) and poly(MA-co-NMA). The success of the modification process was confirmed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier Transformer Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and the increase in the contact angle of the cotton fabric after modification. The designed membrane was evaluated in both the acid and neutralized form as a multifunction membrane for oil (n-hexane, toluene and petroleum ether)/water separation and heavy metal ions removal (Cd2+and Co2+). The neutralized form of membranes prepared had the best results. The best membrane which was prepared by the modification of cotton fabric by poly(AA-co-NMA) (PAA3), was used to purify the wastewater obtained from Shubra El-Kheima power station and its results were compared with the unmodified cotton fabric.