الفهرس 
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Abstract
Summary
Oral ulcers considered one of the common diseases occurring secondary to epithelial damage due to number of causes such as trauma, immune-mediated conditions (lichen planus) and cytotoxic therapy. Ulcers characterized by interruption of epithelium, connective tissue or both and in general are painful and causes patients un-satisfaction. Proper treatment and wound care speeds up the healing process and prevents wound infections. Different modalities have been used to reduce the duration of the wound healing. One of these modalities was the use of PRP and Propolis.
• Aim of the Study:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the potency of PRP versus Propolis on the healing of induced oral stomatitis in the mucous membrane side of the lip of albino rats. Also, to evaluate their effects on ulcer healing at different durations histologically and immunohistochemically.
• Study Methodology:
After chemical ulcer induction, the 56 rats were randomly divided into four main groups 14 rats each as follows:
group I: negative control group in which the mucous membrane side of lip was left without ulceration throughout the whole experiment to act as negative control group.
group II: (positive control group) in which ulceration was induced in the lining mucosa of the lip and rats kept untreated. This group was divided into two equal sub -groups as follows:
Sub-group II a: rats were sacrificed after 5 days of ulcer development.
Sub-group II b: rats were sacrificed after 10 days of ulcer development.
GroupIII (PRP group): in which ulceration was induced in the mucosa of the rat’s lip and rats were treated by PRP. This group also was divided into 2 equal sub-groups:
Sub-group III a: rats were sacrificed after 5days of ulcer development.
Sub-group III b: rats were sacrificed after 10 days of ulcer development.
GroupIV (propolis group): in which an ulcer was induced in the lining mucosa of the lip and rats treated by propolis application. This group was divided into 2 equal sub-groups:
Sub-group IV a: in which rats were sacrificed after 5 days of ulcer development.
Sub-group IV b: in which rats were sacrificed after 10 days of ulcer development.
• Results:
I)Hematoxylin and Eosin Stain
group I (Negative Control):
Labial mucosa showed normal findings of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. The underlying lamina propria showed well organized collagen fibers.
group II (Positive Control):
Subgroup IIA (untreated ulcer 5 days):
Loss of epithelium was observed over the ulcerated area. The underlying lamina propria showed marked increase in inflammatory cells and areas of degeneration.
Subgroup IIB (untreated ulcer 10 days):
The epithelial covering showed thinning, atrophy and discontinuation of keratin layer. Inflammatory cells were evident in the underlying propria.
group III (ulcer treated with PRP):
Subgroup IIIA (ulcer treated at 5 days):
The ulcerated area showed epithelium with some intracytoplasmic vacuolations in the basal and para-basal cell layers. Lamina propria showed localized areas of extracellular edema in the reticular layer.
Subgroup IIIB (ulcer treated at 10 days):
Newly formed epithelial lining with fewer intracytoplasmic vacuolations. Lamina propria showed well developed collagen fibers.
GroupIV (ulcer treated with Propolis):
Subgroup IVA (ulcer treated at 5 days):
Newly formed continuous epithelial lining was evident with well-formed keratin layer. Lamina propria showed well developed collagen fibers and well-formed blood vessels of variable diameters.
Subgroup IVB (ulcer treated at 10 days):
Complete epithelial regeneration was detected with well observed keratohyaline granules within the granular cell layer. Presence of well-formed collagen fibers in the underlying lamina propria.
II) Immuno-histochemical results:
group I (Negative Control):
Moderate positive reaction to anti-PCNA was detected in both basal and para-basal cell layers as well as in the underlying lamina propria.
group II (Positive Control):
Subgroup IIA (untreated ulcer at 5 days):
Mild immune- positive reactions were detected in the basal cell layer as well as in the underlying lamina propria.
Subgroup IIB (untreated ulcer at 10 days):
The epithelium showed mild positive anti-PCNA reactions in the basal cell layer.
group III (ulcer treated with PRP):
Subgroup IIIA (ulcer treated at 5 days)
The epithelium showed moderate positive reactions in the basal cell layer and in the underlying lamina propria.
Subgroup IIIB (ulcer treated at 10 days)
The basal cell layer showed moderate positive anti-PCNA reactions as well as in the underlying lamina propria.
group IV (ulcer treated with Propolis):
Subgroup IVA (ulcer treated at 5 days)
The epithelium showed strong positive reaction in basal cell layer as well as in underlying lamina propria.
Subgroup IVB (ulcer treated at 10 days)
Basal and para-basal cell layers of regenerated epithelium showed strong positive anti-PCNA reactions.