الفهرس 
Developing of efficient transaction management and concurrency control in cloud computing
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Abstract
Cloud computing has emerged as a computational paradigm that can be used to meet the continuously growing storage and processing requirements for a variety of web applications. It promises its users with economies - of - scalee, l asticity, pay - per and use pricing. Databasem anagement systems serving these web applications form a critical component of the cloud environment. These databasem anagement systems must not only scale - out to clusters of commodity servers, but also be self - managing, fault - tolerant, and highly available in order to be able to serve thousands and a variety of applications with huge amounts of data. However, databasem anagement systems are not cloud - friendly, becauseu nlike other technologyc omponents for cloud services, such as the web servers and application servers, databasem anagement systems cannot be scaled very easily and often become the overall systems calability bottleneck. According to the previously mentioned challenges, only a small number of cloud databases provide strong consistency guarantees for distributed transactions due to CAP theorem and the practical challenges that arise in the cloud setting, where failures are the norm, and human administration is minimal