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Abstract
In Egypt, a clearly higher prevalence of early-onset rectal cancer was found than in the western world. Objectives: To describe rectal cancer in Egyptian patients 45 years of age and younger to report the clinical and pathological characteristics along with the outcome of this unique subgroup of patients. Patients and methods: A retrospective case series was undertaken. It included all patients 45 years old or less at time of diagnosis who presented or had been referred to National Cancer Institute (NCI), Cairo University with rectal cancer during the time interval from 2008 to 2010. Results: The incidence of rectal cancer in patients 45 years old and younger in relation to rectal cancer in all age groups was found to be (37.6%). The commonest histological cell type was adenocarcinoma ordinary type (57.2%), followed by mucinous (25.2%), then signet ring adenocarcinoma (7.7%). The pathologic complete response (pCR) was observed in 7.7% of patients. 15.35% of patients developed locoregional recurrence. The median overall survival for our patients was 26.8 months and the median disease free survival was 62.6 months