الفهرس 
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Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to measure the remineralization ability and the bacterial
inhibitory effect of Riva star on carious dentin of primary teeth versus those treated with SDF
only. Methods: For microhardness testing: Thirty freshly extracted primary molars were
embedded in self-curing acrylic cylinders. Occlusal enamel and soft carious dentin were
removed. The teeth were randomly allocated either to control (SDF) or intervention group
(Riva star). Microhardness, in terms of VHN, was measured at baseline and after treatment.
For inhibition zone measurement: The standard strain of S. mutans was used to test the
antibacterial action of the test materials on Blood agar plates. Four wells of 5 mm diameter and
2 mm depth were incorporated with the two test materials (Riva Star and SDF), chlorhexidine
as positive control and distilled water as negative control. The zones of inhibition were
measured in millimeters in diameter around the material in the punched wells after 24 h.
Results: Microhardness test: There was no statistically significant difference at baseline
between (Riva Star) and (SDF) groups (p=0.050). After treatment, there was a statistically
significant difference between (Riva Star) and (SDF) groups (p<0.001). The highest mean
value was found in (SDF), while the least mean value was found in (Riva Star) group.
Measurement of inhibition zone: A statistically significant difference was found between
(Distilled water/Negative control) and each of (Riva Star), (SDF) and (Chlorhexidine/Positive
control) groups (p<0.001). No statistically significant difference was found between any other
groups. The highest mean value was found in (SDF) followed by (Riva Star) and
(Chlorhexidine), while the least mean value was found in (Distilled water). Conclusions: SDF
and Riva star both resulted in increased microhardness of carious dentin of primary teeth.
SDF/KI had a relatively lower antibacterial effect in the investigated bacterial strains in
comparison with SDF alone.
Keywords: Silver diamine fluoride, Potassium iodide, Riva star, Microhardness, Carious dentin
of primary teeth, Antibacterial effect.