الفهرس 
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Abstract
Despite recent advances in the treatment of neonatal infection, mortality rates and comorbidities associated with neonatal sepsis remain high, Neonatal sepsis it is considered the leading cause of newborn mortality and morbidity despite recent improvements in health care facilities. A neonatal mortality rate of more than 40% results in the deaths of more than 3.1 million new-borns every year. sepsis is defined as a clinical syndrome in an infant 28 days of life or younger, manifested by systemic signs of infection and isolation of a bacterial pathogen from the blood stream. Neonatal sepsis classified into early/late-onset sepsis, depending on whether symptoms appear before/after 72 hours of age.
The nonspecific nature of symptoms and rapid progression of this disease emphasize the importance of early recognition.
The main cause of death in sepsis is organ system failure initiated by cellular hypoxia. Calcium is associated with bone formation and metabolism, and it participates in a range of physiological processes, including cell signalling, neurotransmission, and muscle contraction. It also acts as a cofactor of enzymatic reactions in the coagulation cascade
This study was designed to evaluate the prognostic value of serum ionized calcium in neonatal sepsis, Hypocalcemia is often observed in neonates with sepsis and has been attributed to an increase in procalcitonin secretion, which is converted to calcitonin and in turn regulates calcium metabolism.
We conducted a prospective case control observational study at neonatal intensive care unit at Beni-Suef university Hospital from December 20201till December 2022. The study included 100 patients with neonatal sepsis and another 50 healthy as a control group. All participants were subjected to History taking , Clinical examination, follow up for occurrence complications and the outcome whether improve or died and Laboratory investigations including CBC, CRP, blood culture, serum calcium total and ionized and follow up of calcium levels .
We found significantly low levels of total and ionized calcium in neonates with sepsis compared to control group, there was a significant role of calciumin prediction of mortality and occurrence of complications in neonatal sepsis .