الفهرس 
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Abstract
Environment pollution is a matter of growing interest, often leading to temporary restrictions in urban areas. Although guidelines indicate limits for several parameters, the real toxicologic impacts remain largely unexplored in field conditions.
Various activities by the man in recent years have increased the quantity and distribution of heavy metals in the atmosphere, land, and water bodies. The extent of this widespread but diffused contamination has raised concern about their hazards on plants, animals, and humans. The stability of heavy metals in sediments and their scarcity in natural environments make heavy metal concentrations in inorganic and organic elements of the ecosystem the most appropriate indicators of overall levels of pollution.
The study aimed to investigate the effects of environmental factors on biological and biochemical responses of two land snails at Ismailia, governorate. Besides, to assess the role of land snails as the monitor for the heavy metal’s pollution and the species-specific accumulation of metals in the land snail species, a field survey of heavy metals was carried out in different areas in Ismailia city, Egypt. Therefore, a package of biomarkers was performed on land snails E. vermiculata and M. obstructa collected from the two sites. Growth rate and food preferences were determined in the laboratory as well as the histological and histopathological alterations of hermaphrodite and digestive gland were examined in the field.
Random snails were collected from January 2015 to December 2015 from the two sites in Ismailia Governorate, on wet days during the middle month of each season. Soil samples were taken at a depth of 0～5 cm from the surface around E. vermiculata and M. obstructa sampling sites. The snails were dissected and soft tissues were investigated.