الفهرس 
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Abstract
Calcaneal fractures account for 2-3% of all fractures of the body, and 60% of all tarsal fractures. 75% of all calcaneal fractures are intra-articular and involve one or more of the three subtalar articulating facets. Calcaneal fractures are most often seen in young adult men. Such intra-articular fractures are particularly at risk of complicated outcomes and a prolonged recovery. Approximately 20% of patients with intra-articular calcaneal fractures will not able to return to work within 1 year, with the associated high social impact and high economic costs (1,2).Compression fractures of the lumbar vertebrae occur in 10-15% of cases presenting with a calcaneal fracture.Calcaneus is the largest bone of the foot in human body; it has a complex anatomy with joints having different orientations. The calcaneus articulates with the talus superiorly at the subtalar joint. The subtalar joint is responsible for the majority of foot inversion/eversion (or pronation/supination). The calcaneus serves three major functions: 1) acts as a foundation and support for the body’s weight, 2) supports the lateral column of the foot and acts as the main articulation for inversion/eversion, and 3) acts as a lever arm for the gastrocnemius muscle complex.Fractures involving any of the three subtalar articulating surfaces are known as intra-articular fractures and are common results of: a fall from a height usually 6 feet or more, a motor vehicle accident (MVA), or an impact on a hard surface while running or jumping. Intra-articular fractures are commonly produced by axial loading; a combination of shearing and compression forces produces both the primary and secondary fracture lines.Shearing forces are created by opposing, parallel forces, which in this case are often the upward moving body of the calcaneus against the downward-driving subtalar articulation. Shearing forces often split the calcaneus into medial and lateral halves.