الفهرس 
Pediatric Epilepsy - General viewOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The misdiagnosis rate of seizures is relatively high, and currently there is a lack of biomarkers to reliably diagnose epilepsyor assessing patients prognosis (Walker et al., 2016).Therefore, finding specific markers related to epilepsy is important for assessing the severity of seizure and whether there is epilepsy.
The current study was conducted among 90 consecutive patients divided into patient group diagnosed with epilepsy in Ain Shams University hospitals based on clinical semiology and investigations and normal healthy control group.
At the beginning of the assessment, subjects were requested for demographic data and data concerned with gender, special focus on clinical type and severity of epilepsy, necessary investigations.
The current study aimed to measure the serum levels of protein S-100B protein in pediatric epilepsy and to assess its prognostic significance.
Patients diagnosed with childhood epilepsy presented by the pre-defined clinical semiology and EEG criteria aged between 1-16 years presented with a seizure attack and samples collected with 1.5 hour of the seizure .Patients with secondary epileptic disorders, such as electrolyte disturbances, metabolic disorders, acute brain disease or trauma, and non-epileptic paroxysmal events mimicking epilepsy and Intracranial infections were excluded by clinical or laboratory findings, and lumbar punctures.
Seizures types are classified according to ILAE 2017 expanded version to focal onset; generalized onset and unknown onset(Fisher etal.,2017). Seizures severity is assessed according to Liverpool seizure severity scale 2 (Lennoxa et al., 2001).Serum samples were taken within 90 minutes from seizure for S-100B measurement. Venous blood was extracted into serum tubes and Serum S-100B protein levels were measured with an ELISA immunoassay for the quantification of protein DRG® S100B (Human) ELISA (EIA-4555) DRG International, Inc., USA The assays were performed according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Follow up is conducted for all patient in the study and frequency and severity of seizures are recorded in seizure chart and by frequency of ictal discharges in quantitative EEG, and serum levels are correlated to type and severity or refractoriness of seizure activity.
As regard demographic data ,Our study showed No statistically significant differences were found between the groups in terms of age or gender distribution (P=0.878), (P=0.700) respectively, The mean serum concentration of S-100B protein was 0.135±0.018mg/L in the Patient group and 0.082±0.014mg/L in the control group andWe found that the serum levels of S-100B protein were significantly elevated in children with epilepsy compared to controls (P < 0.001). with good sensitivity of the markerAlso s100b protein levels have been found to be significantly higher in patients with severe epilepsy conditions,evident structural changes in their MRIs and in generalized rather than focal epilepsy.
At the end of the study, we concluded that:
Our data suggest that increased S-100B protein levels in the serum is potentially reflecting neuronal damage in the brains of children with epilepy and it can be a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker of childhood epilepsy.