الفهرس 
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Abstract
Addiction to Smartphone usage has psychological and physical impacts.
We performed a cross-sectional study among adults aged 18 – 35 years. Forty participants were Smartphone abusers according to Smartphone addiction questionnaire and 40 participants were non users. We measured auto refraction precycloplegia and postcycloplegia at far for all participants to evaluate the state of spasm of accommodation. We assessed the ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) parameters including anterior chamber angle (ACA) at superior, inferior, temporal, and nasal positions, anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness and trabecular-ciliary process distance (TCPD).
For refractive data as primary outcome, Long’s dioptric power matrix was used.
The results showed that smartphone abuser group and non user group were comparable in sex, family history of DM and HTN, depression questionnaire score and anxiety questionnaire score but smartphone abuser group had higher incidence of dry eye.
The results showed that Smartphone abusers group more likely to have spasm of accommodation than non users after adjusting the age difference between the 2 groups by odds ratio.
For the UBM parameters, the results showed that the two groups were comparable in all parameters except superior angle precycloplegia, nasal angle precycloplegia and postcycloplegia and lens thickness precycloplegia and postcycloplegia which were higher in smartphone abusers group.