الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 231 |  |  |
| | | from | 231 | | |
Abstract
Pile foundations serve to transfer loads from the superstructure to a deep soil layer or bedrock, with the load being either purely vertical or horizontal. However, there are cases where the vertical and horizontal loads act simultaneously, leading to inclined loading. Current theoretical approaches for analyzing pile foundations do not consider the effect of these coupled loadings. This research aims to investigate the behavior of a steel pipe pile embedded in loose and dense sand under inclined (simultaneous vertical and horizontal) loading. The 3D finite element software MIDAS GTS/NX 2019 was used to simulate the pile and soil using modified Mohr-Coulomb and elastic perfectly plastic constitutive models, respectively. The load was applied at an eccentric distance (e) on the pile head at various inclination angles (α). The effect of load inclination angle (α), pile length (L), pile diameter (D), and soil characteristic on load-displacement relationships, pile profiles, pile stiffnesses, p-y relationships, and displacement vector direction were analyzed. The study found that increasing the load inclination angle resulted in increased pile displacement, load-displacement relationship, load-lateral displacement relationship, and rotation angle-load relationship. As the load inclination angle increases, the vertical displacement decreases due to an increase in the horizontal load component (Rh) and a decrease in the vertical load component (Rv). Pile displacement decreases as pile length and diameter increase, while pile stiffnesses increase due to an increase in contact area, resulting in an increase in skin frictional resistance of the soil. The pile profiles, p-y relationships, and displacement vector direction also showed the same pattern. Dense sand demonstrated smaller displacements, higher stiffness, and fewer displacement vector values compared to loose sand. When a pre-lateral load was applied to the pile, it significantly affected the behavior, depending on the magnitude of the load. However, pre-vertical loading had no effect on the load-lateral displacement behavior. Overall, the study provides insights into the behavior of pile foundations under inclined loading, which can inform future design and construction practices.