الفهرس 
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Abstract
Nonlinear optics (NLO) is a significant and growing field of physics that deals with the behavior of light in nonlinear media. NLO is useful in many different contexts such as telecommunications, astronomy, laser technology, photonic devices, quantum computing, and many more. The NLO field is assumed to be one of the most challenging fields of modern physics, scientists have been working in this field for many years to develop new ways of seeing and manipulating the world around us where the theories have led to experiments and experiments yielded a very exciting application.
This research desertation entitled “using a femtosecond laser to study linear and nonlinear optical properties of nanostructured thin films doped with transition elements” concerns of an experimental study of the linear and nonlinear optical properties of metal oxides dopped with transition elements. we focused on measuring the linear and nonlinear optical parameters of CuO and ITO thin film where both thin films are plases on a glass substrate. In this work, the CuO thin film were prepared using DC sputtering deposition technique on a clean glass substrate. The topographical properties of the samples were measured using X-Ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD), surface profiler technique, UV-Vis Spectroscopy and Z-scan techniques respectively.
The NLO results of the ITO sample has been measured using the Z-scan technique that uses a High Repetition Rate (HRR) femtosecond laser source. where the sample showed a saturable-reverse-saturable behavior with Two photon absorption (TPA) and positive nonlinear refractive index. During this experiment the sample exposed to a wide range of excitation wavelength between 720 to 900 nm at different excitation intensities.
While measurements of the NLO characteristics of the CuO sample have been made at a variety of excitation wavelengths 740 up to 840 nm and different excitation intensities using the same HRR excitation source. The results demonstrated that the CuO behave as a saturable material (negative saturable absorption) and negative nonlinear refractive index. As the optical limiter is one of the most important applications for the NLO materials both samples have been examined to show the limiting behaviour, the ITO sample doesn’t show any power limiting while the CuO sample showed a good optical limiter. with a limiting ratio that varied by varying the excitation wavelength.