الفهرس 
Phytochemical and Pharmacological Studies on Methanol Extract of Jasminum Grandiflorum and Some Isolated Fractions
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Abstract
There is a growing necessity for herbal medicine usage in treatment because herbs have fewer side
effects compared with synthetic drugs. In addition, the emergence of resistance by different pathogenic
bacteria and parasites to the currently used chemicals has been reported. There are increasing needs for more
effective and safer parasiticides, anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial agents. Jasminum grandiflorum L. is a
medicinal plant widely used in the traditional medicine as an anthelmintic in ringworm infections, for treating
ulcers, stomatitis, skin diseases, and wounds. Our study has renewed the interest in the genus Jasmine for the
treatment of parasitic infestation and chronic inflammatory conditions as well. The total methanol extract of
Jasminum grandiflorum L. aerial parts was tested for its therapeutic potential as anthelmintic, antiinflammatory, anti-microbial and immune-stimulant effects to confirm its traditional uses. Whole plant of
Jasminum grandifloroum methanol extract (JGTE) was prepared and partitioned into dichloromethane
(DCM-F) and n-butanol (BuOH-F) fractions. Kaempherol neohesperoside (1), rutin (2), oleuropein (3), and
ligstroside(4) and were isolated, identified and tested in vivo for their anthelmintic effect. Moreover, the total
methanol extract of Jasminum grandifloroum was tested in vitro for anthelmintic activity using two
nematodes; one larval stage of cestode and one arthropod. The tested parasites were Habronema muscae and
Parascaris eqourum adults and Hydatid cyst from 130 donkeys slaughtered at zoo abatoir, and
Pediculushumanus capitis from school children. Parascaris eqourum, were exposed to upgrade
concentration of 50, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000 and 1200 ppm., each for 6, 12, 24 hours exposure time in
saline solution. Concentrations which induce 50% mortalities or above were re-screened at lower exposure
times, and the LC50 and LC90 were calculated. The biocidal effect was assessed by electron microscope. The
anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated using two models; the complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) induced
arthritis and the acetic acid induced colitis model. in albino rats. The Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) induced
arthritis was studied using tihirty-six rats (150-200g. body weight) divided into six groups. The first group
was kept as negative control. The second group was kept as positive control group. The third group was used
as standard group that was given Itrocoxib (90 mg/kg, orally) as standard anti-inflammatory drug. The fourth,
fifth and sixth group were treated with Jasminum grandiflorum methanol extract at doses 100, 200, 400
mg/kg body weight, orally respectively. Rat’s paw thickness and rat’s weight were recorded weekly. At the
end of experiment samples were collected: blood for serum analysis and paws for thickness assessment. In
the colitis model, the animals were divided into six groups (8 rats each). Groups 1 and 2 received vehicle
(saline) were kept as negative and positive control, respectively for 7 days. group 3 received prednisolone
(reference drug, 2 mg/kg, p.o.), and groups 4, 5 and 6 were given orally TJME at doses of 100, 200 and 400
mg/kg, respectively. On the 8th day, groups 2–6 were administered 2 ml acetic acid solution (4% v/v) in
saline intrarectally. Colonic segments, approximately 2 cm proximal to the anus and 8 cm in length, were
excised, cleaned and was used for macroscopic and microscopic examination. The lesion scores, ulcer index
and percentage of gastric protection of the colon was valuated. The present results revealed that the
anthelmintic activity of Jasminum grandifloroum revealed good mortality in parasites with lower
concentration as LC50; using the total methanolic extract.The anti-inflammatory activity of J. grandiflorum
L. total extract (JTME) showed positive and dose-dependent effects against ulcerative colitis and rheumatoid
arthritis. In ulcerative colitis model there was decrease thickness of the mucus layer and intestinal tight
junction protein abundances in the colon (P <0.05) by JTME supplementation. Moreover, JTME
successfully reduced serum LPS, MPO, MPS levels (as indicators to irritable bowel syndrome) indicating its
anti-inflammatory action. In Adjuvant-induced arthritis model, JTME showed apparent anti-arthritis in a
dose-dependent manner. , JTME at dose 100 mg/kg group showed improved articular cartilage with partial
necrobiotic change and mild inflammatory cells infiltration in the synovial membrane. At dose 200 mg/kg,
rats exhibited apparently normal articular surface with mild periarticular edema and inflammatory cell
infiltrations. At dose 400 mg/kg rats showed apparently normal joints with subsided inflammation in all
examined sections. In conclusion, administration of methanol extract of Jasminum grandiflorum significantly
decreased inflammation. It also has parasitical effect against important helminthis and acaricides. Moreover it
has anti-microbial activity.The present results proved that Jasminum grandiflorum has anti-inflammatory,
anti-colitic, and anthelmintic activities. This is due to presence of phenolic components.