الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The most common chronic microvascular complication of T2DM are diabetic neuropathies (DN). The peripheral and cranial nerves have been affected with a variable prevalence for unclear reasons. A recent concern about the nerve diameter have been developed in the DN classification. Peripheral nerves damage has two main types according to nerve diameter, large fiber neuropathy (LFN) and small fiber neuropathy (SFN). Optic neuropathy (ON) is a type of cranial diabetic neuropathy that is under estimated in the clinical practice. However, it is considered an irreversible cause of blindness.
LFN is presented clinically as symmetric length dependent sensory motor neuropathy. It is diagnosed clinically and by nerve conduction study (NCS). Small fibers are mostly affected earlier than large fibers. Routine NCS could not detect SFN. Therefore, a specialized technique as sympathetic skin response (SSR) and cutaneous silent period (CSP) have been developed. The advantage of using these methods is their availability in most nerve conduction study (NCS) equipment and they are easy, non-invasive and fast method.