الفهرس 
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Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a common ophthalmic disorder. It affects 5 – 50 % of global population. It has higher prevalence among adults over age 40 and especially female likely due to hormonal factors. DED describes a chronic, multifactorial disease that is commonly associated with increased osmolarity of tear film and inflammati on of ocular surface and underlying tissues. Individuals with this disorder experience eye symptoms, including discomfort, pain, burning, foreign body sensation, and visual disturbances.
DED is caused by an increased evaporation of the tear film (evaporative type) and/or reduced tear production (aqueous deficient type). It is recognized that a self-perpetuating inflammatory cycle underlies the pathophysiology of DED. The ultimate goal of DED management is to restore ocular surface homeostasis by breaking this pathophysiological cycle. Anti-inflammatory drugs as prednisolone & cyclosporine improve the treatment outcomes of most patients with DED.
Therefore, the current study aimed to compare the effects of topical application of cyclosporine A and prednisolone on Schirmer’s test, tear breakup time test (TBUT)and ocular surface disease index (OSDI) in patients with moderate to sever DED. This study was a randomized double blind controlled clinical trial that was conducted in Ophthalmology department of Menoufia university hospital, Menoufia, Egypt. The study included a total of 40 patients diagnosed with moderate to sever dry eyes were randomly divided into two groups. group (A) included 20 patients received treatment with topical 0.05% Cyclosporine (Restasis) twice a day for 30 days and group B included 20 patients received treatment with topical 1% Prednisolone (Pred Forte) 4 times a day for the same period.
The patients were asked about symptoms of dryness, exposure to any of DED- related risk factors as working outdoor, using computers.
-The OSDI questionnaire was used to assess the DED symptoms.
-Schirmer’s 1 test was performed.
- Slit-lamp examination to detect any pathology in eye lid, lacrimal gland, tear film, conjunctiva, and cornea.
- TBUT assessment: to detect stability of the tear film
-All patients were scheduled for follow-up at 2 weeks and at 1 month, all results of the current study were statistically analyzed.