الفهرس 
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Abstract
School meals are one way in which the programmers operate. Children are fed breakfast, lunch or both in school, These meals can be prepared in schools in the community or be delivered from centralized kitchens. Some in-school meal programmers provide complete meals and while others provide high energy biscuits or snacks. The school meals are improved micronutrient intake and macronutrient intake leads to enhanced nutrition and child health, increased learning and decreased morbidity for students. School meals can help to get children into school and to keep them there, through enhancing enrolment and reducing absenteeism. School meals transfers resources to households, averting negative coping strategies and allowing investments in productive assets. School meals is often linked to health and nutrition/essential package interventions. The main objective of the present study was studied the effect of the school meal on improving the health status of children ages (6-12 years).
This study was carried out on 100 male who were chosen randomly from primary schools in Menouf city, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt. Aged was from 6 to 12 years. The study was carried out in early October 2018 and ended in March 2019.
The instrument of this study consisted of a structured interviewing questionnaire which contained several formations to elicit the anthropometric measurements (height, weight, body mass index ”BMI”) after and before consumed the school meal. Socio-economic act of questionnaire included the educational level of father and mother, family size, family income. Food habits formation included information about consumed meals, omitted meals, snacks, opinions of student about variable .items of different food groups .The daily food intake assessed from data collected using the 24hour recall method. This included consumed foods in breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks between meals or after dinner. Determination the CBC and ferritin before and after the school meal. Then the data statically analyzed to report the relation between some parameters to obtain the following results.
The result of this work could be summarized as follows:
1- With respect to sex, all children were males with (100%). The highest percentage of children having secondary education to their fathers (54.0%); however (12.0%) having primary, but the lowest percentage was university (8.0%). The highest percentage of children having hand worker job to their fathers (42.0%); however (12.0%) having simple job, but the lowest percentage was high qualify (8.0%). For mother’s education, the majority of children having secondary education to their mothers (40.0%); however (8.0%) having university, but the lowest percentage was illiterate (6.0%). The majority of children’ mothers were house wife (76.0%); however the lowest percentage were Industrial worker and high qualify (6.0%). 54.0% of children’ fathers having daily income followed by monthly as (48.0%).22.0% of them had low income. The highest percentage of children’ family contained 4 persons (46.0%); followed by 5 persons (34.0), but the lowest percentage was 7 persons (6.0%).
2- With regard to suffer from some diseases, it was Found that about (76.0%) of children having no diseases; whereas (24.0%) of sample study having diseases. As for suffering from troubles and digestion, it was noticed that children (60.0%) weren’t suffered from troubles and digestion; while (24% and 16%) of sample study were suffered from troubles and digestion. It was found (80%) of sample study weren’t suffered from hair fall, whereas (14.0% and 6.0%) respectively were suffered from hair fall. It was observed about (78.0%) of sample study weren’t suffered from teeth decay; whereas (22.0%) of sample study were suffered from teeth decay. 74.0% of children feeling sometimes tired and lazy; whereas (26%) of sample study have no feeling tired and lazy. It was noticed that children (88.0%) weren’t suffered from canker of teeth gun; while (6%) of sample study were suffered from canker of teeth gum. 76.0% of children weren’t taking any medicine; whereas (24.0%) of sample study were taking medicine. It was found (22%) of sample study using other something of medicine, whereas (2.0%) using antibiotic. For playing sport, it was noticed that children (58.0%) weren’t playing sport; while (24.0%) of sample study playing sport. It was observed about (50.0%) of sample study sometimes washing their teeth with toothbrush, followed by (44.0%) weren’t washing their teeth with toothbrush; whereas (6.0%) of sample study washing their teeth with toothbrush.
3- With respect to number of meals you eating at a day, the highest percentage of children eaten three meals (82.0%); however (18.0%) were eaten two meals. The lowest percentage of children omitted breakfast meal (18.0%); while the highest percentage of sample study none omitted meals (82.0%). The highest percentage of sample study have other reasons (82.0%); while the lowest percentage of sample study have low appetite (6.0%) , the highest percentages of children eaten potato chips (42.0%); followed by sweets (30.0%); however the lowest percentage of sample study drunk juices (4.0%); followed by eaten fruits (6.0%). The majority of children added two sugar spoons to tea (84.0%); while the lowest percentage of sample study added three sugar spoons to tea (16%) while the lowest percentage of sample study eaten pickles (6.0%); followed by wasn’t eaten pickles (10.0%). The highest percentage of sample study wasn’t drunk tea directly after meals (44.0%); followed by sometimes drunk tea directly after meals (40.0%); while the lowest percentage of sample study drunk tea directly after meals (16.0%). 98.0% children added moderate salt to food while the lowest percentage of sample study added salty to food (2.0%). The majority of children sometimes drunk milk (78.0%); while the lowest percentage of sample study drunk milk (22.0%).80.0% children wasn’t drunk soft drink during and after eating food while2.0% of sample study drunk soft drink during and after eating food followed by sometimes drunk soft drink during and after eating food (18.0%). The majority of children sometimes watched T.V during eating food (50.0%); followed by wasn’t watched T.V during eating food (40.0%); while the lowest percentage of sample watched T.V during eating food (10.0%). 72.0% of sample wasn’t like to sleep during day
4- It was found that (38%) of children consumption balady bread daily one time, but (2.0%) consumption balady bread three times. 18% of children consumption balady bread weekly five times, but (4.0%) consumption balady bread four times. The majority of children didn’t consumption fino bread daily (80.0%), but (2.0%) consumption fino bread two times. 48.0% of children consumption Homemade wheat bread monthly one time, but (4.0%) consumption Homemade wheat bread two times. 90.0% of children didn’t consumption rice daily, 42.0% of children consumption rice weekly three times, but (4.0%) consumption rice five times. The majority of children didn’t consumption pasta daily (90.0%), but (2.0%) consumption pasta three times. 80.0%), of children didn’t consumption dry sugar daily, but (2.0%) consumption dry sugar five times. It was found that (100.0%) of children didn’t consumption black honey daily. 100.0% of children didn’t consumption honey daily. The majority of children didn’t consumption honey weekly (86.0%), but (2.0%) consumption honey two times. It was found that (56.0%) of children consumption jam weekly one time, but (2.0%) didn’t consumption jam. 98.0% of children didn’t consumption tahina sweetness daily , but (2.0%) consumption tahina sweetness one time. 82.0% of children didn’t consumption butter monthly , but (18.0%) consumption butter one time and 100.0% of children didn’t consumption fat daily, weekly and monthly. 44.0% of children consumption Industrial margarine daily one time, but (2.0%) consumption Industrial margarine five times. The majority of children didn’t consumption margarine weekly (90.0%), but (4.0%) consumption margarine two times. 62.0% of children didn’t consumption oil daily, but (38.0%) consumption oil one time a week. Also, it was found that (68.0%) of children consumption meat weekly one time, but (8.0%) consumption meat two times a week. 88.0% of children consumption fish weekly one time while 42.0%) of children consumption chicken weekly one time, but (2.0%) consumption chicken four times. It was found that (48.0%) of children consumption beans weekly three times, but (6.0%) consumption beans five times a week. Children didn’t consumption fresh vegetables daily as 92.0%, the majority of children didn’t consumption cooked vegetables daily (96.0%), but (2.0%) consumption cooked vegetables one and four times. The majority of children didn’t consumption fruits daily (96.0%), but (4.0%) consumption fruits one time. It was found that (100.0%) of children didn’t consumption juice daily and monthly. 70.0% of children consumption milk weekly two times, but (2.0%) consumption milk four times. 8.0% of children consumed rayeb milk two times a week and 92.0% children didn’t consumption cheese daily. 100.0% of children didn’t consumption peanuts daily. The majority of children didn’t consumption tea daily (84.0%), but (16.0%) consumption tea one time. It was found that (36.0%) of children consumption tea weekly one and two times, but (2.0%) consumption tea four times and (68.0%) of children didn’t consumption soft drinks weekly.