الفهرس 
The effect of combined use of rotary instruments and various solvents on gutta-percha removal in straight versus curved canals
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Abstract
This study is conducted to evaluate and compare the efficacy of obturation material removal in root canal retreatment using two different rotary system with two differen solvents in straight versus curved canals canals in terms of canal wall cleanliness, operating time, and procedural errors. Fifty-six extracted teeth were divided into 2 groups and further subdivided into four groups according to system and solvents that was used. A completely clean root canal was not achieved with any technique, ProTaper more efficient and faster than R-Endo, Chloroform more efficient and faster than DMS solvent in curved , curved root canals contain more remnants than stright canals