الفهرس 
Effect of ice cold massage on hand on the relief of labor pain Among laboring women at Elmanial University Maternity Hospital
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Abstract
Pain management during labor continues to be a challenge for the midwife nurse and the medical staff (Gentz, 2001). Labor coaches may feel worried about supporting woman in labor by different types of analgesia in order to relief the pain. Although the use of analgesia in active phase is no longer common; because of the rapid transport of these highly lipid soluble drugs to the fetus and their relationship to respiratory depression and neurobehavioral abnormalities in the neonate (Howell, 2000). So, the aim of the study was to assess the effect of ice cold massage on hand on the relief of labor pain among laboring women. A total of 200 women in labor were randomly recruited for the purpose of the study according to the following criteria: Primipara, multipara (not more than 3 times), vertex presentation, singleton fetus, full term pregnancy and in active phase of 1st stage of labor (4 cm dilatation at least). Women with the following criteria were considered ineligible and were excluded such as: women who had previous burn in the hand, mal-presentation, ante- partum hemorrhage, preeclampsia and premature rupture of membrane (PROM) without labor pain