الفهرس 
Healing of femoral bone defect following implantation of amniotic scaffold seeded with mesenchymal stem cells in dogs
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Abstract
The present study was designed into 3 main stages, stage I, seven full term pregnant bitches (58 - 63 days) were used as amniotic membrane donor. The preparation steps of amniotic membrane was performed then preserved in temperature below freezing - 80{u00B0}C. Stage II, in this stage 9 adult apparently healthy mongrel dogs for mesenchymal stem cells acquisition and Preparation. Under complete aseptic condition; the previously prepared amniotic membrane was co-cultured with MSCs. Stage III, 27 apparently healthy mongrel dogs of both sexes, 2 - 5 years old were randomly allocated in three main groups; 9 animals for each; group I: experimental group (receive AM seeded with MSCs), group II: control positive group (receive AM only) and group III: control negative group (receive nothing). The animals in each group were divided into 3 sub - groups (n = 3) according to follow up periods as 1.5, 3 and 6 months. The operated dogs were observed for clinical and radiological examinations. After euthanasia the harvested femurs were examined morphohistologically. The obtained results showed that, the use of amniotic membrane seeded with stem cell has several advantages in terms of simplicity, efficiency and economy. The clinical, radiological and morphohistological evaluations during the course of 6 months confirmed acceptance of amniotic membrane with stem cell