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Abstract The wide environmental distribution of Cr leads to an increased interest of its toxicity and biological effects. This study was conducted to investigate the possible protective effect of Spirulina platensis and/or radish oil against chromium - induced toxicity and carcinogenecity. Eighty four adult male albino rats were divided into 7 equal groups (Gps). Gp1 served as a control, Gps 2 , 3 and 4 exposed to Spirulina platensis (300 mg / kg b.wt per os), radish oil (0.07 ml / kg b.wt per os) and sodium dichromate dihydrate (SDD) (via drinking water at concentration of 520 mg / l), respectively, for 3 months. While, Gp5, 6, 7 rats exposed to SDD concomitantly with Spirulina, radish oil, both respectively with the same previously mentioned doses, routes and duration of exposure. chromium administration caused significant alterations in the hematological parameters, serum iron and AFP as well as hepatic and renal function markers that was objectified by significantly increased alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), urea and creatinine levels accompanied with significantly increased MDA level, decreased catalase activity as well as glutathion content in blood and hepatic tissue homogenates |