الفهرس 
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Abstract
The Nervous system consists of neurons and Glial cells. A new class of glial cells that expresses the NG2 chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan (CSPG) has been identified. In the beginning the term oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) was given to cells express NG2 receptors to illustrate their ability to generate the myelinating cells (oligodendrocytes) but later it was found that those cells have other functions beyond this ordinary one so, those cells were given a more general term (NG2+ cells or NG2 expressing glia). It was found that NG2+ cells expresses PDGFRa receptors as well.
It was aimed to determine the role of NG2+ cells in the physiological and pathological conditions. In the physiological condition, it was aimed to determine the neuromodulatory role of NG2+ cells. It was found that the NG2+ cells added to young 10 DIV hippocampal neurons culture for only 24h and recorded via MEA showed a mature property of firing frequency and an increase in the synchronism of neuronal network with action potential organized in burst. Bursting occurs during development and is a fundamental network phenomenon. This modulation is occurred due to maturation of GABAergic and / or by Glutamergic inputs so; it was aimed to determine the density of GABAergic terminals in the co-culture and hippocampal neuronal culture. VGAT puncta numbers were counted to address the circuit maturation to the GABAergic inputs. V-GAT is the vesicular GABA transporter which localizes to synaptic vesicles in sets of Glycinergic as well as GABAergic neurons. It was hypothesis that the VGAT density will increase in the co-culture due to the presence of OPCs but the result came unexpected with low number of VGAT in the co-culture compared to the hippocamapal neurons culture.