الفهرس 
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Abstract
Epiphora or tearing eye is a socially and functionally bothersome symptom. Dacryocystitis, an inflammatory condition of the lacrimal sac is one of the common causes of epiphora. DCR) is a surgical procedure that aims to restore drainage of tears by bypassing an obstruction in the nasolacrimal duct through creation of a bony ostium that allows communication between the lacrimal sac and the nasal cavity. Silicon intubation is the most common stenting method used today for endonasal endoscopic DCR. It not only prevents closure of the rhinostomy opening but also prevents scarring and stenosis of the common canaliculus after endoscopic DCR. from previous studies there have been controversial results on whether the benefits of use of stents to improve the outcome of DCR outweighs the complications sometimes associated with the stents. So, this prospective interventional randomized comparative study was therefore undertaken in the outpatient clinic of Mansoura ophthalmic center Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt, from march 2021 till December 2022 with the aims to compare the success rate of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy with and without silicone tube stent. Cases were randomly divided into two equal groups using computer generated random tables according to the surgical technique used. Patients seeking endoscopic DCR were subdivided into 2 groups: group A: includes 28 patients who were operated with silicone tube stent, and group B: includes 28 patients who were operated without silicone tube stent. Included adult patients with chronic dacryocystitis of both genders with primary dacryocystitis, excluded patients with recurrent dacryocystitis, bone deformity after trauma, suspected malignancy or pediatrics. Every study participant was subjected to 1) history taking (Onset and duration of the complaint, trauma or medications, and any nasal or sinus disease). 2) Examination (Slit lamp biomicroscopy, Regurgitation test, Full ophthalmological examination, dye DDT, and Probing and irrigation of the upper lacrimal drainage system). 3) surgical operation (endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy with or without placement of stent). 4) Post operative care with systemic antibiotics, eye drops with antibiotic, nasal decongest and drops, follow up visits will be done at 1, 3 weeks ;1,3 and 6 months. Successful outcome were defined by resolution of symptoms, endoscopic examination, DDT and by probing and irrigation. Our study results have revealed that there was no statistically significant difference between both groups regarding age, gender or laterality of lesions. The preoperative symptoms showed statistically non-significant difference in comparison between the two studied groups except fistula found in 2 cases (7.14%) in group (1) and only one case (3.57%) in group (2), comparison was statistically significant. However, post-operative epiphora and discharge were statistically non-significant. Preoperative and postoperative signs (DDT, regurge and failed probing) showed statistically non-significant difference in comparison between the two studied groups. The operation time was more in group (1) was statistically significantly longer than group (2), with means of 34.7 ± 2.68 minutes and 24.5 ±3.61 minutes in group (1) and (2), respectively. The success rate was found to be complete in 92.86% and 82.14% of patients in group (1) and (2), respectively. Partial relief was found in 7.14% and 10.71%, respectively and failure was found in only 7.14% of group (2) only. So, the success rate was higher in group (1) than group (2), however, it does not reach significance. Regarding postoperative complications, two cases of group (1) had tube cut during operation and one case had fistula, while in group (2), two cases had adhesions of nasal wall (synechia) required additional surgery. Bleeding was found in one case in group (1) and two cases in group (2), while granulation tissue was found in 3 cases in group (1) and two cases in group (2).