الفهرس 
Chronic Kidney DiseaseOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasingly prevalent condition, recognized as a public health priority, affecting 10–12% of the population. CKD is defined as abnormalities of kidney structure or function, present for more than 3 months, with implications for health (1, 2).CKD is known as lower Glomerular filtration rate(GFR) of <60 mL/min/1.73m2 for >3 month, with presence or absence of renal damage (3). Subclinical Hypothyroidism is a clinical condition with minimal symptoms or no symptoms of hypothyroidism. Subclinical hypothyroidism is defined as increased ”thyroid stimulating hormone” (TSH) along with a normal ”free thyroxine” (FT4) and ”free triiodothyronine” (FT3) level (4). According to the ”National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)” , the yardstick to identify subclinical hypothyroidism was elevation of TSH between 5 to 10 μIU/mL and with normal Free T4 without any clinical signs and symptoms. Incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism increases with age and with greater dietary iodine intake (5). Prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism has inverse relation with Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) as subclinical hypothyroidism increases slowly the GFR declines (5) ,Few studies showed the connection of subclinical hypothyroidism and CKD which involve inflammation, alteration in iodine metabolism, hormonal issues and immune system attacking thyroid gland.