الفهرس 
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Abstract
Nanomaterials, such as nano-biochar (nB) and nano-water treatment ressidual (Nwtr), are now a promising approach to enhance soil physical, chemical and biological properties, adsorb toxic substances such as heavy metals and enhance plant growth. Therefore, the objective of this study is to know the properties of some recycled nanomaterials such as nB and nWTR and their effect at different rates on the soil physical and checimal properties and the biological activity, as well as, canola productivity in degraded soil. This can be acheived by the following: 1. Studying the properties of nanomaterials such as nB and nWTR. 2. Evaluating the effect of nB and nWTR at different rates on improving the soil physical , checimal properties and the biological activity 3. Evaluating the effect of nB and nWTR at different rates on the remediation of the contaminated soils with heavy metals. 4. Assessment the yield of canola (Brassica napus) grown in a contaminated and heavy clay soil To achieve these objectives, surface soil samples were collected from two different sites. The first site is, a clay loam soil contaminated with heavy metals, at Kafr El- Zayat area and the second one is,a heavy clay soil, at El-Gemmieza area, in El-Gharbia Governorate. A pot experiment planted with Canola seeds (Brassica napus) were conducted, under greenhouse conditions, at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate. The nanomaterials were mixed by taking about 500 g of the same soil, smoothing and mixing them well, then placing them in a sieve and adding them to surface soil to ensure a homogeneous distribution after placing the canola seeds. At harvest, 153 days after sowing, plant growth parameters and yield measurements were recorded, and three soil samples were taken and analyzed for the selected soil physical, chemical and biological properties.