الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Public art dates back to ancient times; it is not a new concept. It has historical roots and traditions in various periods and cultures and has taken various forms as it has been linked with its society (Senie, 2003). It existed as a social and religious art feature. Also, it reflects present cultural and social conditions and aesthetic and artistic trends. However, the purposes of public art have expanded and progressed (Post, 2011). It enhances the user’s perception of those spaces, making it a visual aid for enjoyment. Public art has been used to remember historic occasions, revere heroes, motivate people, beautify urban spaces, and attract more tourists (Miles, 1997). The study’s main goal is to rethink the role of public art in the digital era and Keep pace with changes in user behavior and technology. Modern public art frequently disregards the ”Do not touch” mark and encourages visitors to shape artwork to their liking. New technology plays a new function as a link between art and people, with urban spaces as the stage for people’s interactions. Public arts in the technological era require new carriers, materials, and languages to flourish and be dynamic and interactive. It encourages active participation from viewers to interact by touching, moving, walking through, and altering its sounds and lights. Unfortunately, despite the criticism that new technologies are responsible for reducing social interactions and weakening the identity of public spaces, their use in public art today frequently has astounding and unexpectedly positive effects on people’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Digital artwork can enhance non-visual aspects of space while stimulating the human senses. This type provides users with a sense of control over the installation. Also, It generates spatial interactions between humans and new technology. This study aims to examine new technology’s impact on public art in historical urban spaces and then illustrate the impact of DPA on identity and interactivity. So, a set of concepts related to public art, such as its definition, history, and values of public art, as well as the quality of historical urban open spaces, were presented. Then the effect of new materials and techniques on public art was clarified, as it may affect the existing types while generating new ones. Consequently, new roles for digital artworks emerged. After that, five examples of historical fields worldwide were selected, digital artworks were added to them and analyzed regarding their impact on identity and interaction, and a comparison was made between them. Finally, these concepts were applied to the oldest historical square in Alexandria, ”Manshia Square.” The study concludes that in historical urban open spaces, different forms of DPA have diverse effects on identity and interactivity. It may foster interactivity and strengthen or weaken a sense of identity. In the case of Manshia Square, it may increase social interaction and reduce the sense of identity. Finally, the study proposes recommendations for choosing the best DPA types in historical urban open spaces.