الفهرس 
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Abstract
Elderly individuals may face multiple problems because of aging because of this there are a need for more time to completely satisified their needs and requirements and this task can be effectively implemented in a team setting.
It is estimated that 20–50% of the European population use complementary or alternative therapy to treat disease or to help prevent its onset . In Britain, It approximately 40% of general practitioners provide complementary therapies for their patients.
With respect to type 2 diabetes, one third of patients actively use alternative medicine to manage their disease, despite paucity of scientific evidence to support its use.
One of the most prevalent and significant disease factors brought on by modern lifestyle, particularly decreased physical activity and an unbalanced diet high in lipids, is hypertension.It frequently manifests itself without warning and has the potential to propagate or exacerbate potentially fatal diseases like cardiovascular diseases (CVD) or chronic heart failure. Currently, it is believed that the risk of cardiovascular disease rises gradually across the range of blood pressure. As a result, hypertension should be carefully managed and treated early. However, in the early and/or asymptomatic stages of the disease, lifestyle changes as first-line treatment frequently fail. However, the majority of antihypertensive medications, such as ß-blockers, calcium blockers, ACE inhibitors, or diuretics, have significant side effects at common doses, making their use in mild hypertension doubtful .Food supplements containing beneficial components from natural products and plants that are known to lower blood pressure could be an alternative treatment for borderline hypertension.
As a result, the researchers have decided to look into other treatments that are just as effective, cost-effective, and don’t cause as many side effects. Traditional plant-based treatments for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention and treatment are gaining popularity.
Finding newer antidiabetic agents and isolating the active compounds from herbal sources that have been recognized to have antidiabetic properties, as described in ancient texts, is the focus of diabetes research. Curcumin, the most potent component of turmeric, has attracted scientific interest as a potential treatment for experimental diabetes and diabetes complications in patients.
Curcumin’s first diabetes-related effect on blood glucose was only seen in one diabetic patient, according to the 1972 publication of the first paper.
Curcumin has been documented to exhibit potent pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticarcinogenic, hypoglycaemic, and hepatoprotective effects.
The current study aimed at measuring and confirming the effect of turmeric powder on chronic diseases in the elderly especially type 2 diabetes and hypertension.
The source of turmeric powder; we use the commercially available turmeric powderfrom local market.
The source of chemicals; we use the commercially available enzyme kits for measuring Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides and HDL and other clinical measurements.
This is a prospective, observational study. All subjects were selected from Beni-Suef government suffering from hypertensions, hyperglycemia or both with age above 50 years old and classified into 4 groups: group I (gp1): Normal control group consists of healthy volunteers. group II (gp2): Hypertensive group includes hypertensive patients. group III (gp3): Diabetic group include diabetic patients. group IV (gp4): Hypertensive and diabetic group include patients with diabetes and hypertension. Each group includes 20 subjects (n=20) divided into (male and female) subjects. Each group was taken a specific dose 15 gram (table spoon full) of turmeric powder twice daily with a meal for 8 weeks treatment . Blood pressure was measured at baseline screening and after 8 week until the end of the study. Blood glucose tests, blood lipids, kidney function tests and liver function tests was also measured at baseline screening, and after 8 weeks of treatment. Adverse effects were observed and if present, recorded during the study.
Results; effect of turmeric powder on blood pressure, during the study period, blood pressure changed significantly.
The mean systolic (sys.) difference 3.05 mmHg for the control healthy group (Gp.1), up to 22.4 mmHg for the hypertensive group (Gp.2), up to 6.6 mmHg for the diabetic group (Gp.3) and up to 32.45 mmHg for the group containing hypertensive and diabetic patients (Gp.4) after 8 weeks of treatment.
The average diastolic (dias.) difference in these groups also reached a maximum, amounting to 2.05 mmHg for (Gp.1), up to 14.4 mmHg for (Gp.2), up to 5.95 mmHg for (Gp.3) and up to 14.55 mmHg (Gp.4) after 8 weeks of treatment.
With the more pronounced effects than on blood pressure, turmeric powder intake was also associated with an improvement in lipid profile with a significant physiologically reductions in total cholesterol (TC), Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and triglycerides (TG).
The mean lipid profile measurement had decreased from baseline in the control healthy group (gp1) as follow (Total cholesterol 25.4; TG: 13.55; LDL 26.54), an increase in HDL by (3.85).
group (gp2) (Total cholesterol 30.7; TG: 45.05; LDL 25.69), and an increase in HDL by (4),
also decreased in diabetic group (gp3) (Total cholesterol 27.15; TG: 33.55; LDL 27.24), and an increase in HDL by (6.8)
and there was a significant decrease in the diabetic and hypertensive group (gp4) by (Total cholesterol 64.4; TG: 104.1; LDL 51.13), and an increase in HDL by (7.55).
During the study period, blood sugar and glycosylated hemoglobin changed significantly. The mean fasting blood glucose (FBG) difference reached up to 9.1 mg/dL for the control healthy group (Gp. 1), up to 9.4 mg/dL for the hypertensive group (Gp. 2), up to 95 mg/dL for the diabetic group (Gp. 3) and up to 78.7 mg/dL for the group containing hypertensive and diabetic patients (Gp. 4) after 8 weeks of treatment. Concurrently, the average post prandial blood glucose (PPBG) difference in these groups also reached a maximum, amounting to 12.2 mg/dL for the control healthy group (Gp. 1), up to 7.85 mg/dL for the hypertensive group (Gp. 2), up to 115.25 mg/dL for the diabetic group (Gp. 3) and up to 122.4 mg/dL for the group containing hypertensive and diabetic patients (Gp. 4) after 8 weeks of treatment . The average glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c.) difference in these groups also reached a maximum, amounting to 0.23 for the control healthy group (Gp. 1), up to 0.32 for the hypertensive group (Gp. 2), up to 1.65 for the diabetic group (Gp. 3) and up to 1.83 for the group containing hypertensive and diabetic patients (Gp. 4) after 8 weeks of treatment.
Effect of turmeric powder on Liver function tests; the change in ALT (Alanine aminotransferase): (The mean difference was 4.75, 6.8, 8.7 and 17.1 U/L for gp1, gp2, gp3 and gp4 respectively) and the change in AST (Aspartate aminotransferase): (The mean difference was 5.8, 6.2, 12.35 and 15.75 U/L for gp1, gp2, gp3 and gp4 respectively).
There is an improvement in the kidney function tests had noticed in all groups.
The change in Urea: (the mean difference was 0.9, 6.4, 7.8 and 15.65 mg/dL for gp1, gp2, gp3 and gp4 respectively) and the change in Creatinine: (the mean difference was 0.09, 0.13, 0.15 and 0.19 mg/dL for gp1, gp2, gp3 and gp4 respectively) during this study.
Although there are strong evidence regarding biological activity of turmeric powder and its components, there is limited knowledge on their systemic toxicity and reliability, toxicity studies show that of turmeric powder are generally reliable and do not show toxic effect even at high doses.
Conclusion; Daily consumption of Turmeric powder can result in lowering blood pressure, blood glucose and serum lipid profiles, and also in favorable improvements in several CVD risk factors, making it a preferable addition to a healthy diet and lifestyle.