الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
T2DM is a prevalent systemic inflammatory disease. Periodontal disease is the sixth consequence of diabetes. Periodontitis is an immune-inflammatory disease which occurs when a host is exposed to periodontal pathogen.
Periodontal disease is associated with diminished or altered VEF, which changes the endothelial protective balance and permeability during inflammatory reactions. It may increase the risk of systemic inflammation associated with VED, such as DM and CVD, culminating in the activation of an inflammatory cascade driven by dominating cytokines.
Traditional clinical parameters are used to diagnose periodontal disease. However, new technical breakthroughs in diagnostic research have resulted in the development of new potential technologies for assessing periodontal health utilizing objective biomarkers. In the recent decade, a number of biomarkers have been identified to predict the severity and PDP.
Endocan is a novel pro-inflammatory biomarker that is thought to provide insight into the stage, development, and severity of periodontal disease in systemically healthy individuals and T2DM periodontitis patients.
The objective of this cross-sectional study was to compare the Endocan level in GCF of patients with stage 1 or 2 periodontitis who had CT2DM to that of non-diabetic periodontitis patients. The study included 42 patients with stage 1 or 2 periodontitis, divided into two groups: 23 people with controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (CT2DM-P, n= 23) and 19 patients with systemically healthy periodontitis (H-P, n= 19). Endocan levels in GCF were analyzed, as well as periodontal parameters such as PPD, CAL, and BOP, as well as haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) value. Endocan levels were biochemically analyzed using an ELISA test.
The study results showed that Endocan GCF level in the CT2DM-P group was significantly higher than in the H-P group. The CT2DM-P group had significantly higher Endocan, PPD, CAL, and BOP%. In both groups, Endocan was positively correlated to CAL, BOP%, and HbA1c. Endocan and BOP% had a moderately significant correlation in the CT2DM-P group. Endocan and HbA1c had a high significant correlation in the H-P group.