الفهرس 
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Abstract
Our study was performed on 80 subjects, 60 T2DM patients and 20 normal (age & sex matched) healthy volunteers as controls.
Subjects were classified into two groups into:
group I (Diabetic group)
group II (Normal control group)
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of variants at nucleotide 1595 (rs1131580) in TRAIL to T2DM susceptibility and to biometabolic parameters in T2DM patients.
The results of this study revealed that BMI was significantly increased in diabetic patients when compared to control group.
On the other hand, the diabetic group showed higher levels of glycated hemoglobin, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin and HOMA IR compared to the control group. Also, the TRAIL SNP rs1131580 gene mutations were found to be associated with poorer diabetic control among the diabetic group.
The diabetic group had significantly higher levels of triglycerides, LDL, VLDL; while lower HDL levels. Cholesterol levels were relatively higher in the diabetic group, but the difference was not statistically significant.
Also, diabetic group had significantly higher levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), direct bilirubin (DBIL), serum creatinine and albumin creatinine ratio. While significant decrease in total protein (TP).
The results of this study revealed that TRAIL SNP rs1131580 mutation was significantly more frequent in the diabetic Group.
In Our study, the presence of homozygous variant allele (CC) genotype carries a 1.5 fold risk of DM. Also, the presence of C allele increased the risk of T2DM 1.3 times than control group.
Conclusion
TRAIL SNP rs1131580 homozygous variant allele (CC) genotype carries a 1.5 fold risk of DM. Also, the presence of C allele increased the risk of T2DM 1.7 times than control group.
Recommendations
- Studying the association of TRAIL polymorphisms with other aspects of T2DM, such as β cell dysfunction, to clarify the role of the TRAIL polymorphism rs1131580 in T2DM pathogenesis.
- Studying the association of (rs1131580) variants of TRAIL polymorphisms with the risk of other diseases e.g. coronary heart disease, diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy.
- Further studies on larger numbers of patients are necessary to establish the role of TRAIL polymorphism rs1131580 variants.
- Multicentric study should be performed that will help in increasing the statistical power by alleviating possible differences of studied subjects, as the ethnic background, gene–environment interaction including economic , nutritional status, and the duration of diabetes.