الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study was included two experiments, in vitro assay and in vivo reproductive and
productive performance experiment, to evaluate the effect of phytogenic feed additive by various
levels on gas and CH4 production, rumen degradability and fermentation characteristics in vitro,
dry matter intake, digestibility, reproductive performance, blood biochemical parameters, milk
yield and composition in goats and their kid’s growth rate.
Experiment (1) In vitro assay:
The present study was carried out at the Animal and Fish Production Department, Faculty
of Agriculture, University of Alexandria.
The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of various levels of phytogenic feed
additive on gas and CH4 production, rumen degradability and fermentation characteristics in vitro.
Rumen contents were collected freshly from adult fasted slaughtered of three Egyptian cow
steers at the slaughterhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University. Basal substrate
of concentrate feed mixture: corn silage (50:50) was incubated without additives (control) and with
three levels of phytogenic feed additive (1.0, 2.0 and 3 g/kg of DM basal diet) and were evaluated
in vitro using semi-automatic system of GP for 24 hr.
The obtained results were as follow:
✓ The reductions in gas production due to the various levels addition of phytogenic feed
additive were 7.6, 5.0 and 8.0 % compared to the control group.
✓ There were no significant differences in the truly degraded dry matter and organic matter,
partitioning factor and methane emission due to the ascending dose of the treatment.
✓ There were no significant differences in pH, ammonia-N and SCFAs concentrations.
✓ The addition of phytogenic feed additive by 1, 2 and 3 g decreased the protozoa count by
26.7, 31.0 and 25.9 %, respectively compared to the control.
Experiment (2): Reproductive and productive performance of Barki goats:
This experiment was conducted at Borg Al-Arab Research Station, Animal Production
Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Dokki,
Egypt. The experiment was carried out from October 2018 till July 2019. All analyses were carried
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out at the Animal Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of
Agriculture, Alexandria University.
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of phytogenic feed additive by two
levels on dry matter intake, digestibility, ruminal fermentation, reproductive performance, blood
biochemical parameters, milk yield and composition in goats and their kid’s growth rate.