الفهرس 
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Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are nanocrystals with distinctive electrical and optical characteristics in a size regime below 10 nm [1] The surface capping of QDs is the key for improving the photoluminescence efficiency, preventing QDs from aggregation, create the shielding barrier that protects and stabilizes the QDs surface [2]. ZnO QDs are a promising candidate for biological applications and are used as an alternative to other semiconductors [3]. There are diverse approaches for synthesizing different-sized ZnO QDs, such as chemical precipitation, combustion and hydro/solvothermal methods [4]. The sol-gel route is the most successful approach for preparing quantum -sized ZnO. This process is inexpensive, more reliable, affordable, owns perfect reproducibility, and it allows controlling the particle’s size and form [5].Acetone (CH3COCH3) is a harmful organic solvent, primary biomarker in diabetes mellitus, and one of the chronic diseases with the fastest growth rate [6]. It can be found in human blood, urine, and breathed air as a byproduct of regular metabolism [7]. It is produced through the ketosis process, at which the body’s supply of carbohydrates runs out, and there is a lack of insulin in the pancreas, resulting in the breakdown of fats in the cell of the body better than interacting with glucose [8]. Several techniques have been used to detect acetone concentration, such as FTIR spectroscopy, chromatography, and chemical method, but these methods are expensive and complex [7]. Therefore, the need for a less risky, low-costly, and high- performance method, which may sense the low concentration of acetone levels (ppb), is urgent to diagnose people with diabetics early in humans [6].