الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The two major forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), both of which have a complicated etiology and pathogenesis that is still only partially understood. Current studies reported that the individual’s genetic susceptibility, environmental factors, intestinal microbiota, and immune responses are involved and integrated in the pathophysiology of IBD.
IBD is characterized by remitting and relapsing symptoms, chronic inflammation is linked to ulcerations and with the development of malignancies in untreated patients so the ideal approach in IBD is early diagnosis and close monitoring of the disease extent and severity to achieve and sustain remission and to enhance patient favorite outcomes.
The clinical symptoms of IBD, radiological and endoscopic tests are important to establish a diagnosis. The gold standard in diagnosis and monitoring of IBD patients is endoscopy. However, it is time-consuming, expensive, and invasive and requires bowel cleansing so non-invasive biomarkers are needed. ESR, CRP, and FC are used to diagnose IBD with lack of specificity or sensitivity for disease extension.
Finding a non-invasive biomarker that can identify IBD and predict disease progression is a promising goal. IBD patients have inflammation of the mesenteric adipose tissue, which is located close to the inflamed bowel which favors the activation of adipocytes.
Visfatin, an adipokine that stimulates the production of adhesion molecules, interleukin (IL)-l and TNF-alpha on epithelial cells, could be used as a noninvasive, cheap marker to identify disease activity and severity.
The purpose of our study was to detect the value of measuring visfatin concentration in IBD patients by comparing them to healthy controls and its role in detecting the disease activity by correlating visfatin and inflammatory marker, clinical and endoscopic disease activity scores.
Ninety subjects participated in the study, which were divided into three groups.
Sixty IBD patients were divided into two main groups: group Ia (30 cases) had active Crohn’s disease, group Ib (30 cases) had active ulcerative colitis and thirty healthy control individuals.
Regarding CD, CDAI was used to measure disease activity clinically and SES-CD was used to assess disease activity endoscopically. Regarding UC, mayo score was used to detect disease activity clinically and endoscopically Patients who use drugs which may affect the level of visfatin as gastrointestinal anti-biotics, non-steroidal drugs or severe liver and renal disease were excluded from our study.
All candidates in the study had a comprehensive history taking, clinical examination as well as laboratory tests which included CBC, ESR, CRP, albumin, FC, and serum visfatin by ELISA. Ileocolonoscopy was done for all IBD patients and activity index was calculated for IBD patients.
Regarding serum albumin, it was found that Groups Ia and Ib patients had significantly lower albumin levels than patients in Gro