الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 125 |  |  |
| | | from | 125 | | |
Abstract
Myopia is the state of refraction in which parallel rays of light are brought to focus in front of the retina of a resting eye. It has been associated with complications, such as myopic macular degeneration (MMD), retinal detachment (RD), cataract, and open angle glaucoma (OAG). These complications can lead to irreversible visual impairment later in life. The most important complication of myopia is MMD, which is a common cause of visual impairment, particularly for high myopia. Myopia can be corrected optically by glasses, contact lenses, or refractive surgeries. Laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) has become a popular surgical alternative for the correction of myopia, and a rapidly increasing number of LASIK procedures are performed daily worldwide. In this technique, a hinged flap is created and folded back, and the exposed stroma is photoablated using an excimer laser. In LASIK for myopia, stromal tissue is removed so that the curvature of the central cornea is flattened to compensate for the excessive refractive power or longer axial length of the myopic eye. Small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) is a flap-free refractive surgery, in which the corneal stromal lenticule is cut by a femtosecond laser and removed through a small corneal incision tunnel.