الفهرس 
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Abstract
T
he diagnosis of a child’s congenital heart disease is a stressful event for parents especially the mother who is considered to be a main caregiver for the child. Parental responses to the diagnosis of their child’s congenital heart commonly include disbelief, denial, anger, frustration and confusion. Mothers of the congenitally heart experience stressors which are usually multiplying and ongoing as they confront stressors at the time of diagnosis and during the developmental transition. Community health nurses must be aware of the ongoing responses, needs and quality of life of the congenitally heart child and his/her mother (www.en.wikepidia_org/wiki/congenital heart, 2020).
The aim of the study
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nursing intervention program for mothers caring for children suffering from congenital heart diseases through:
a) Assessing health needs and problems of children suffering from congenital heart disease.
b) Assessing mothers’ knowledge regarding congenital heart disease
c) Assessing mothers’ practices regarding care of their children suffering from congenital heart disease
d) Designing and implementing nursing intervention programs for mothers towards their children suffering from congenital heart disease.
e) Evaluating the effect of nursing intervention programs on mothers’ knowledge and practice towards the care of their children suffering from congenital heart disease
Research hypotheses
That the intervention program about congenital heart diseases will improve the mother’s knowledge and practices about caring of their children with congenital heart diseases.
Subjects and Methods
Setting:
This study was carried out at pediatric cardiology outpatient clinic affiliated to Ain Shams University Hospital as it was a pediatrics’ university hospital and one of the major hospitals in Egypt that provides health care for all children from all governments in Egypt.
Sampling:
A purposive sample was used for choosing the study subjects. The sample size was 75 mothers of children who was diagnosed with congenital heart disease. The study sample was chosen according to the following inclusion criteria: all available children aged from birth to 4 years diagnosed with any type of congenital heart disease, both gender and accompanied with their mothers.
Tools of Data collection:
Two tools were used for data collection:
Tool (I): Interviewing questionnaire:
It was designed by the researcher in Arabic language and it contains four parts as follows:
Part I: designed to assess mothers and their children demography: -
A- Socio-demographic characteristics of the children suffering from congenital heart diseases (sex, age and children ranking between his siblings)
B- Socio-demographic characteristics of mothers (age, educational level, job and consanguinity between fathers and mothers)
C- Data about children’s residency (residence, separate home, number of rooms, number of persons inside the home, crowding index).
Part II: Designed to assess children health needs and problems.
A-Current physical, psychological and social health needs of the children.
B: Current physical, psychological and social health problems of the children.
Part III: designed to assess mothers knowledge
Mother’s knowledge about the congenital heart diseases.
Part IV: designed to assess Mother’s reported practices:
Mother’s reported practices related to the care of their children with congenital heart diseases.
Tool (II): designed to assess:
A- Physical assessment
B- Children medical history.
Operational design
In addition to educational Arabic booklet:
Educational Arabic booklet constructed by researcher, was distributed to guide the mothers. The booklet included anatomy and physiology of the heart, meaning of congenital heart diseases, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, complications, types of congenital heart diseases, treatment, ways for prevention and mothers’ practices to deal with needs and problems of children suffering from congenital heart diseases.
Pilot Study:
The Pilot Study was carried out on 8 mothers and their children represent 10 % from total sample to ensure the clarity of questions, applicability of the tools and the time needed to fill the questionnaires. The necessary modification was done According to the result of pilot study Pilot sample was excluded from the study sample.
Results:
The main findings of the study can be summarized as the following:
The mean age of the studied children with congenital heart diseases was 1.76±0.53 years old, regarding sex 60% of them were male, regarding Child Ranking between his sibling 46.7 % of them was the first child in the family, the mean age of the studied mothers was 27.36±5.27 years old, regarding Educational Level 40.0% of them were Basic education, regarding Occupational status 73.3% of them was House wife, regarding Consanguinity between father and mother 80.0 % of them weren’t Consanguinity.
The result of study concluded that, there were statistically significant differences related to mothers’ total satisfactory knowledge about congenital heart disease pre and post program with (X2 =.7.741 and p value < 0.005). Also most mothers had appropriate level of total practices post program implementation compared with more than half pre-program with statistically significant differences (X2 = 14.231 and p value < 0.001). In addition, the study finding proved that that the intervention program about congenital heart diseases will improved the mother’s knowledge and practices about caring of their children with congenital heart diseases.
Conclusion
Based upon the results of the current study, it can be concluded that the mean age of the studied sample was1.76±0.53year, the most common congenital heart disease was Tetrology of Fallot. There were statistically significant differences related to mothers’ total satisfactory knowledge about congenital heart disease pre and post program with (X2 =.7.741 and p value < 0.005). Also, most mothers had appropriate level of total practices post program implementation compared with more than half pre-program with statistically significant differences (X2 = 14.231 and p value < 0.001). In addition, the study finding proved that that the intervention program about congenital heart diseases will improved the mother’s knowledge and practices about caring of their children with congenital heart diseases.
Recommendations
• Distribution of the intervention program booklet in cardiology clinic about the care of congenital heart diseases for all mothers as a guide to increase awareness about continuity of improving the health status of those children.
• The importance of regular follow up for periodic assessment of children with congenital heart diseases for early detection of complications and management for them.
• Further study should be conducted on a large number of cases at other setting in order to generalize the results.