الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Phenol is a high-risk environmental pollutant even at small concentrations.
Phenol is widely used in many industries, including paper, plastic, pesticides,
petrochemicals, and pharmaceuticals. These industries also generate a lot of
effluents, some of which are millions of milligrams per litre more polluted than
freshwater. Due to its high solubility in water, phenol can be detected in water
sources by its unpleasant taste and odour. Without treatment, the release of these
substances might cause substantial health concerns to people, animals, and
aquatic systems.
The removal of contaminants from effluents has been accomplished using a
variety of described techniques. The three categories of technologies are
biological, chemical, and physical. They all have benefits and disadvantages.
Wastewater impurities are removed from the mixture using physical, chemical,
and biological techniques. Individual wastewater treatment processes are coupled
into a variety of systems to accomplish various levels of pollution removal.
Among different methods for removing phenolic compounds from industrial
wastewater, adsorption is well known for its high efficiency of removing phenol.
The adsorption approach is still favoured over other unit operations in the
treatment of water and wastewater because of how easy it is to construct and use.
Extraction, steam distillation, microbiological and chemical methods, oxidation
with ozone/hydrogen peroxide, ion exchange, reverse osmosis, electrochemical
oxidation and photo catalytic degradation are some more traditional methods for
eliminating phenolic compounds
Adsorption has a range of features that make this method one of the most
widely used methods such as ease of design, low cost and lack of harmful
materials resulting from treatment.This study compared the efficiency of two different types of adsorbents in
removing phenol from industrial wastewater through adsorption utilising sawdust
and activated carbon from coconut shell. The efficiency of each of the two types
of adsorbents in removing phenol was investigated at various pH values (3.9, 3.5,
and 2.4) and initial phenol concentrations in wastewater (200, 240, and 290 mg/l).The adsorption was carried out using various doses of activated carbon 0.0125, 0.0225 and 0.03 g/ml and other dosages of sawdust 0.50, 0.75 and 1.0
g/ml at various contact times (30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes).
The results indicated that as adsorbent dose and contact time were increased,
removal efficiency increased. The highest removal efficiency with activated carbon was 85.6% when utilising 0.0225 g/ml of activated carbon at contact time
of 120 minutes, whereas the removal efficiency when using 1.0 g/ml of sawdust
at contact time of 120 minutes is 40.4%. pH has also affected adsorption
efficiency as the results showing that efficiency decreases when pH is more than 7 and the medium becomes base