الفهرس 
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Abstract
Summary
In the current study different phytoassosicated fungi were isolated from different crops growing in different regions in Egypt. These fungi could be morphologically identified as: Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspegillus niger, Penicillium aurantiogriseum, Aspergillus flavus, Epicoccum nigrum, Trichoderma pseudokoningii, Alternaria alternata , Fusarium culmorum, Rizoctononia solani, Fusarium oxysporum , Fusarium graminearum, Penicillium citrinum.
In the present study various herbal plant including Teucrium polium, Cymbopogon proximus, Artemisia herba-alba, Moringa oleifera, Punica granatum, Ecballium elaterium, Sinapis alba, Humulus lupulus, Arctium tomentosum, Salvia officinalis L., Lavendula pinnata L., Cleome droserifolia, Acacia nilotica, Cassia angustifolia and Solenostemna arghel were processed using different solvents including methanol, dichloromethane and water and tested versus various isolated phytoassociated fungi where methanol extract of Artemisia herba-alba showed the highest inhibition zone versus Aspergillus niger.
In this study separation and purification of various ingredients of Artemisia herba alba were separated using column chromatography which yield 40 fractions. Each of these fractions were tested versus Aspergillus niger and results revealed that the 6th fraction was the most promising fraction with antifungal action against Aspergillus niger. Purity of fraction were confirmed using TLC which give one band revealing its purity.
In the current work spectrometric identification of purified fraction have been done using Mass spectroscopy, (ˡHNMR) proton nuclear magnetic resonance, Infra Red (IR) spectra and Elemental analysis giving the formula C17H31NO15 which could be named: (2R,3R,4S,6S)-3-amino-5 (2R,3R,4S,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6- (hydroxymethyl)-5 (3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl) tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2yl)oxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,4,6-triol
In this report using 6th purified fraction has promising and highest antifungal action versus Aspergillus niger and this could be illustrated by ultrastructure alterations in morphology using transmission electron microscopy.
In the current study the most promising fraction were extra-examined to determine its minimal inhibitory concertation and tested versus standard antifungal as Amphotericin B as well as one of commercial agricultural antifungals which was benzimidazole.
In the present study purified active fraction of Artemisia herba-alba have been chemically identified and tested against normal cell line to assure its biosafety sowing a very promising results versus Vero cells. The purified fraction showed a lethal effect on cancerous liver cells HepG-2 as well.
In the present study molecular confirmation for Aspergillus niger have been performed to assure the effect of purified fraction against specific phytoassiciated fungus for application in large scale in the field.
It could be concluded that Artemisia herba-alba could have a promising multifunction biomedical impact as antifungal agent especially towards Aspergillus niger as well as antitumor activity to be applied in large scale after more verification of results.