الفهرس 
Stainless Steels Definition
Results and discussionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Recently, Manganese alloyed stainless steels represent a cost-effective alternative to the well-known CrNi stainless steels, with regards to the strong fluctuations of the market prices of nickel element. In CrMnNi steels, nickel is partially replaced by lower-cost manganese and small amounts of nitrogen for stabilization of the austenitic phase, and improving the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, as well.
In this study, the effect of welding heat -input parameters on the metallurgical and mechanical - properties of both low nickel high manganese stainless steel and austenitic stainless steel 304 weldments were investigated, as well as, the effect of electrodes filler chemical compositions during shield metal arc-welding process using two different filler electrodes: E308l and E316l at six different heat inputs values.
Emission spectrometer, PANalytical Empyrean x-ray diffractometer (XRD), Optical microscope , Ferrite scope , Microdurometer Tukon 1102 (microhardness), and Shenzhen WANCE universal testing machine (tension test) devices were used to evaluate and carry out the research experimental procedures. as well as, An\image J software was used to measure the area of different heat affected zones and welding zones.
The welded specimens were inspected and all visual surface crack detection tests were made using penetrant testing technique, and Radiographic inspection tests of standard SFS-EN 1435 were performed to all welds to examine porosity; cracks and inclusions. Macrostructure observations revealed that, in case of low heat input formation, partial penetration occurred, but full penetration occurred in the case of high heat input, for all welded samples.
The ferrite number and solidification mode were checked and no solidification cracking was observed for all investigated samples even though those that had low ferrite number below 5 FN. Heat input had greater influence on tensile strength and it is observed that tensile strength was reduced with an increase in heat-input. By optimum heat input value (is the lowest heat input that achieves full penetration), maximum tensile-strength was obtained in smaller-dendrites and low-spacing of the welded metal join