الفهرس 
Introduction and RationaleOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Tobacco smoking is one of the most preventable causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cardiovascular mortality in the Middle East is mostly attributable to coronary artery diseases, moreover cigarette smoking causes a variety of arrhythmias and increases the vulnerability to ventricular fibrillation. The most prominent CVD risk factor in Egypt is tobacco smoking.
There is a lack of clinical research concerning the safety, and negative health effects of e-cigarettes which is increasingly used by youth recently. Current study was carried out to determine the cardiovascular effects of electronic cigarette smoking and comparing it to conventional cigarette smoking.
This comparative study aimed at cardiovascular health promotion among the Egyptian population by demonstrating e-cigarettes smoking as one of the new risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
The present study was conducted in Cardiology department, Suez Canal University Hospital in the period from January 2020 to February 2021 on 105 apparently healthy volunteers, from the employees, workers, technicians, students, staff members and physicians of Faculty of Medicine and Suez CanalUniversity Hospitals. Participants were of both genders and of age group more than 18 years, regarding enrollment of smoker participants, chronic smokers having a history of at least 12 months of tobacco use either exclusively smoking e-cigarettes or conventional cigarettes. Participants were allocated into three study groups; group A: consisted of chronic exclusive e-cigarettes smokers, group B: consisted of chronic exclusive conventional cigarettes smokers and group C: consisted of a control group of apparently healthy non-smokers, each group containing 35 participants.
Participants were recruited and a face-toface interviewed through the research questionnsmoking history was collected.aire which included baseline sociodemographic data and