الفهرس 
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Underground concrete structures are widely used in mega construction projects in newly developed areas in Egypt, especially in East Port Said. Designing these structures considering such site conditions in Port Said is an engineering challenge. This study aims to provide general guidelines for designing of underground structures with different conditions in such soil profile. Previous studies related to underground structures design and modeling, different material models for soil and concrete lining, interaction between the underground structure and the surround soil and the effect of construction of new underground structures are reviewed. The modeling techniques, different structural elements and different material models used in this study are showed. Then, a validation of these numerical modeling techniques will be performed by comparing the results of validation models with the results obtained from reference models mentioned in previous studies. 2D numerical models for circular, square and double-vent underground structures using Plaxis software are created with the soil profile of El-Tina Plain zone at East Port Said Zone. Mohr-Coulomb model for the sand soil layer and Hardening Soil model for the clay soil layer are used. The effects of overburden depth in case of whether a surface structure is constructed near the underground one or not, the lining thickness, the surface structure width, the number of floors of the surface structure and the horizontal distance between the surface and the underground structures are studied. Moreover, the effect of construction of an adjacent underground structure is also studied. The maximum vertical displacements, the max. internal forces induced in the structure: maximum normal force and maximum bending moment are used to describe the structural behavior. Design recommendations and guidelines were drawn to facilitate the design of these types of structures in such soil.