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Abstract Hyperthyroidism, characterized by an overactive thyroid gland, is associated with severe complications such as liver dysfunction, dyslipidemia, diabetes, insulin resistance, cardiovascular disorders, neurological complications, and cognitive impairment. This study aimed to explore the potential therapeutic effects of rutin and aescin in male rats with hyperthyroidism induced by Lthyroxine. Fifty-six male albino rats were divided into negative control ( Rats were received only distilled water for 50 days) and hyperthyroid induced groups. Hyperthyroidism was induced by the orally given L- thyroxine (240 μg/kg) for 20 days. Then hyperthyroidism checked groups were divided into six groups, hyperthyroid, HT + PTU, HT + Rutin, HT + Aescin, HT + PTU + Rutin and HT + PTU + Aescin. The study revealed that L-thyroxine administration induced hyperthyroidism-associated complications, including hepatic toxicity, dyslipidemia, hyper- glycemia, insulin resistance, cardiac damage, and neurotoxic effects. Treatment with rutin and aescin demonstrated promising cytoprotective effects, mitigating liver damage, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and neurological disorders induced by hyperthyroidism. Histological examination supported these findings, showing significant improvements in liver and heart tissues. The study concludes that rutin and aescin could be valuable strategies to alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation associated with hyperthyroidism-induced complications. |