الفهرس 
Anatomical background of endoscopic enucleation of prostateOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
LUTS caused by BPH frequently affect older men, with a
prevalence exceeding 50% among males aged 50 and above.
Conventional TURP remains the gold standard treatment for
symptomatic BPH. Nonetheless, post-TURP morbidity, notably with
monopolar TURP, continues to pose challenges, including higher rates
of transfusion due to bleeding (0.4% to 6.4%) and delayed
postoperative bleeding (1.3% to 1.7%). Bipolar electrosurgical
technology has gained global recognition, with multiple companies
introducing devices designed to reduce the side effects associated with
monopolar TURP, all while preserving effectiveness and long-term
outcomes.
The integration of lasers in BPH treatment has posed a challenge
to TURP, driven by advancements in laser technology, better
understanding of tissue–laser interactions, and technical improvements.
HoLEP is a recent technology introduced as a line of
management of BPH. It stands as a dependable and effective surgical
technique, delivering outcomes like TURP and OP but with reduced
complications and shorter hospital stays. Additionally, the
enhancements in outcome measures endure over time, with minimal
long-term complications and reoperation rates. It is size independent
procedure adopting the same surgical principle of OP. HoLEP offers an
alternative endoscopic treatment that involves minimal blood loss,
reduced catheterization time, and shorter hospital stays compared to
other endoscopic treatments. In the current decade, the top-down
technique for performing HoLEP has been recently developed and described by Nadia et al. since 2017 in Indiana University, USA.