الفهرس 
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Abstract
The lateral loading pile problem is commonly controlled by assuming that the pile is elastic and that the soil may be represented by a series of nonlinear horizontal springs. The P-y curves show the soil springs’ nonlinear behavior. There are several methods in literature and rules for calculating the displacement, ultimate, and allowed lateral load caused by applying horizontal forces to a vertical pile. The purpose of this research is to discover which codes and equations produce the most accurate results in ultimate and allowed lateral load based on available data and case studies. A research was done on 40 field and laboratory tests in various soil conditions and locations. The Egyptian, Canadian, British, AASHTO, DIN 4014, and Indian standards.
Forty field and laboratory tests were studied in various locations and with varying soil conditions. The ultimate and acceptable lateral load values were determined using the Egyptian, Canadian, British standard, AASHTO, DIN 4014, Indian codes, and the Jean-Louis-Briaud technique. These values of ultimate and acceptable lateral load were then compared with measurements made in the field and in a lab.
There are several methods used in literature and programs to determine the horizontal force carried by the pile in the group. In recent years, numerical 3D foundation model software has successfully resolved the Laterally Loaded Pile issue. The theoretical programs covers boundary conditions, model geometry, initial stress conditions, material modeling, pile simulation in a numerical 3D foundation model, and the finite element concept. The study’s purpose is to determine how closely the DIN 4014 code approaches numerical 3D illustrations.