الفهرس 
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Abstract
Scheuermann’s kyphosis is a thoracic hyperkyphosis due to wedged vertebrae that develop during adolescence. It was first described by Holger Werfel Scheuermann in 1921 as different from postural kyphosis on the basis of spine rigidity. The etiology is thought to be a development error in collagen aggregation, leading to a disturbance of the enchondral ossification of the vertebral endplates.
This causes wedge-shaped deformation of the vertebrae and increase of kyphosis. A genetic, hormonal and mechanical etiology has been discussed, and an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance is now accepted. The incidence of Scheuermann is unknown, probably ranging to 1–8% of the general population. However, the ratio of boys/girls is known to be between 2/1 and 7/1. Clinically, the patients present with rigid hyperkyphosis in the mid-thoracic or lower-thoracic spine with a compensatory hyperlordosis of the cervical and/or lumbar spine. Mild secondary scoliosis with minimal or no rotation at all may be present. Hamstring tightness is common. Neurological findings are very rare. Pain may occur in the region of kyphosis or in the hyperlordotic areas above or below the main deformity.