الفهرس 
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Abstract
Globally, obesity has become one of the major health problems. This study was
conducted to evaluate the anti-obesity potential of Cymbopogon schoenanthus
methanolic extract (CS) in rats. Fifty male Wistar rats of six to eight weeks-old,
100–120 g body weight (BW) were randomly assigned into 5 groups (n = 10):
Control group was fed basal diet. CS-group was supplied with basal diet and orally
given CS (200 mg/kg BW) for 12 weeks. HFD-group was fed a high fat diet (HFD)
for 18 weeks. HFD + CS-group was fed on HFD and CS. HFD then CS-group was
fed HFD for 12 weeks then, shifted to basal diet and CS for another 6 weeks.
Phytochemical analysis of CS indicated the presence of various terpenes and
flavonoid compounds. Among the compounds characterized are quercetin,
apigenin, luteolin, orientin, eudesmene, cymbopogonol, caffeic acid, coumaric acid
and linolenic acid. Supplementation of HFD significantly increased the body
weight, serum level of total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, low density lipo-protein,
very low-density lipoprotein, glucose, activities of serum alanine aminotransferase
(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). In addition, HFD up-regulated the
protein expression of uncoupling protein (UCP)-1 in both brown and white adipose
tissue; and hepatic mRNA expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein
(SREBP)-1c and SREBP-2. However, it decreased serum level of HDL, protein
expression level of UCP-1 in both brown and white adipose tissue. Treatment of
HFD-fed animals with CS extract either concurrently (HFD + CS-group), or after
obesity induction (HFD then CS-group) significantly reversed all HFD-induced
alterations in body weight; food intake; serum biochemical profile (including
hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia); and tissue gene expressions. These results indicate
that CS methanolic extract ameliorated HFD-induced obesity, serum biochemical, hepatic, and adipose tissue gene expression alterations. CS extract accomplished
these effects mostly through its various identified bioactive compounds which have
been proven to have anti-obesity and anti-diabetic activities.
Keywords: Cymbopogon schoenanthus; NMR; LCMSMS; Flavonoids; Terpens;
Obesity; Uncoupling protein 1; Sterol regulatory binding protein