الفهرس 
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Abstract
The continuous changes and increasing complexity of what the amazing development of the health care, the rapid progression of human, information, and the garlic of conflict and struggle between different intellectual values and competing Nations, a staggering development requires efforts in the most excellent way of thinking (Boulesnane, 2021). In order to deliver high quality care to patients, all categories of nursing personnel need to engage in effective problem solving which has been identified as a necessary competence for providing safe quality care. Problem solving has been defined as the means by which an individual uses cognitive processes, such as decision making and critical thinking, which acquired through previous knowledge, skills, and understanding, to resolve difficult situations (Casey, et al., 2018).
This study aimed to assess the effect of implementing a training strategy about problem solving and measuring its’ effect on thinking and decision making styles of nurse managers through measuring thinking and decision making styles among nurse managers before implementing the strategy, designing and implementing problem solving training strategy based on assessment, and measuring thinking and decision making styles among nurse managers after implementing the strategy. One group pre- test / post- test research design was used to achieve the aim of the current study. This study was conducted at Nasser General Hospital. This hospital is affiliated to ministry of health hospitals at Qalyoubia Governorate, Egypt. Total bed capacity is (182) bed. The study included so nurse managers who represents in different managerial position in the hospital. They categorized as: (1) nursing director, (2) assistants, (10) supervisors, and (37) head nurses.
Data was collected by two tools namely: Two main scales were used to carry out this study namely; thinking styles scale, and decision making styles scale. First tool: Thinking styles scale, this scale aimed to assess nurse managers’ thinking styles. It consists of two parts. Part 1: It aimed to collect data regarding personnel characteristics of the study subjects including age, gender, qualifications, and years of experience as well as attendance of training course. Part 2: This part was consists of (65) items, classified into five dimensions namely; functions (15 items), forms (20 items), levels (10 items), scopes (10 items), and leanings (10 items). Second tool: Decision making styles scale, it aimed to assess nurse managers’ decision making styles. This scale consisted of (25) items, which comprised under five subscales: rational, intuitive, dependent, avoidant, and spontaneous decision-making style. Each subscale contains five items.
The study findings concluded there were significant statistical differences regarding all dimensions of thinking style and total thinking style throughout implementing a strategy stages with elevation in post strategy and follow up than pre strategy. There were significant statistical differences regarding all dimensions of decision-making style and total thinking style throughout implementing a strategy stages with elevation in post strategy and follow up than pre. Finally, there were highly significant statistical correlations between total thinking style and decision-making style throughout implementing a strategy stage.
The present study recommended that:
Conducting a regular workshop for nurse manager about decision making as needed, Conduct regular meeting with staff nurses to identify problems early and manage it, Continuous application of needs assessment to recognize nurse manager regarding decision making, Periodic assessment of knowledge and performance of nurse manager regarding decision making abilities and critical thinking.
Training program should be implemented on a longer period of time, with more emphasis on the application and practice of thinking style, The nurse managers in the study settings need urgent and intensive training workshop or courses in thinking style as well as in teaching role competencies, and the attendance of decision making and problem-solving courses and active teaching methods should be a prerequisite for appointing new nurse manager.