الفهرس 
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Abstract
To evaluate the effectiveness of two new approaches to enamel remineralization as a treatment for enamel demineralization, using different examination methods.Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on ninety-six extracted human premolars. The premolars were chosen based on the following criteria: a sound buccal surface, no pits, cracks, or extraction damage, and the absence of any lesions caused by dental fluorosis, caries, or other hypomineralized conditions. The total sample was divided using a randomization computer-generating software into four groups group I control, group II demineralized, group III demineralized then treated using Remin Pro® tooth cream, group IV demineralized then treated with Enamel Pro® varnish. Each group was divided into two subgroups. Subgroup A evaluated for mineral content using Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and then evaluated for surface microhardness using the Vickers microhardness test. Subgroup B was evaluated for lesion depth using a Polarized Light Microscope (PLM). Results: The extent of remineralization observed using PLM (109.67, 198.83, 60.17 and 26.33 µm respectively) was consistent with the degree of mineral content measured by the EDX (1.77±0.09, 1.64±0.18, 1.87±0.06, 2.03±0.05) and with surface microhardness by the Vickers hardness test (402.13±53.39, 256.99±45.83, 408.11±70.16, 428.61±54.43 VHN). Both Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (ACP), in the form of Enamel Pro® Varnish, and Nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA), in the form of Remin Pro® tooth cream, resulted in a significant improvement in the mineral content (p<0.05), average lesion depth and surface microhardness of White spot lesions (WSLs) (p<0.01, each). These approaches provided promising results in the treatment of WSLs.Conclusions: Both of the remineralization approaches enhanced enamel surface microhardness. Application of 5% sodium fluoride with ACP (Enamel Pro® Varnish) to WSLs showed the highest reduction in lesion depth which was significant compared to n-HA, fluoride and xylitol (Remin Pro® tooth cream) and the control group. The calcium, phosphorus and Ca/P ratio of the treated teeth using Enamel Pro® Varnish and Remin Pro® tooth cream were significantly higher than the demineralized group.