الفهرس 
Introduction and aim of the work
Gene regulationOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Thyroid hormones influence mitochondrial respiration by altering the concentration of the components in the electron-transport system, as well as by altering the redox state. Active oxygen species (superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, etc) are generated as byproducts of oxidative metabolism in mitochondria, may cause organ damage. There are various biological defense systems directed at free radicals; specific enzymes, e.g., superoxide dismutase or glutathione peroxidase, and antioxidants, e.g., the plasma proteins, uric acid, vitamin C, vitamin E, carotenoids, etc. These antioxidants may be depleted if subjected to an excessive oxidative load. This study aimed to evaluate changes in plasma malondialdehyde, total thiol concentration and total antioxidant activity in newly diagnosed Graves’ disease and toxic multinodular goiter patients prior to antithyroid treatment and after restoration of stable euthyroid state. Forty subjects were included in this study. Thirty patients with hyperthyroidism, which were classified into: group I: Comprised 15 patients with hyperthyroidism due to untreated Graves’ disease (2 males and 13 females) of age ranging between 18 and 50 years. group 1: Comprised 15 patients with hyperthyroidism due to untreated toxic multinodular goiter (3 males and 12 females) of age ranging between 20 and 50 years.