الفهرس 
Introduction and aim of the workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Renal allograft recipients exhibit remarkable susceptibility to infection involving opportunistic organisms. The incidence of infection in renal transplant patients is directly related to the net immunosuppressive effect achieved and the time duration over which this therapy is administered. During bacterial infections, PMN are the firstline cells of the nonspecific defense system. The effect of immunosuppressive drugs on the count, cytochemistry and ultrastructure of neutophils in renal transplanted recipients were studied before and after transplantation at 14 days and during episodes of infection and or rejection. Neutrophil count, cytochemistry and ultrastructure were studies in 50 patients and 20 controls Cytochemical studies showed PelgerHeut anomaly in neutrophils in patients treated with hemodialysis and transplantation during rejection and infection episodes. In addition numerous number of neutrophils during infection episodes was recorded. Ultrastructural study of neutrophils showed PelgerHuet anomaly, few number of specific and azurophilic granules. Also smooth plasma membrane without microvilli after transplantation. In addition to numerous vacuoles were appeared. Creatinine values in transplanted recipients were higher than that of normal controls. In conclusion, the cytochemistry and ultrastructure studies of neutrophils showed pathological changes specially during dialysis and during episodes of rejection and infection due to the dialyzer membrane in hemodialysis and the immunosuppressive drugs taking after transplantation which reduce the host immune defence. So recommending adjusting the dose of immunosuppressive drugs with a maintainance dose sufficient for prevention of graft rejection and for keeping a good neutrophil structure.