الفهرس 
Introduction and aim of the workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Interest in the mediastinum, stems from the diversity of structures it contains and thus the multiplicity of disease processes by which it can be affected. Different biopsy taking techniques were used in diagnosis of niediastinal masses. These include peripheral lymph node biopsy,fiberoptic bronchoscopy with transbronchial needle aspiration transthoracic needle biopsy and open biopsy. The aim of this work was to evaluate the different non surgical procedures of biopsy taking in of immunohistochemical staining on the final diagnostic outcome. This study includes (130) patients with mediastinal lesions, (81) males and (49) females with age range from 43 days to 76 years.The cases were 2) Standard chest X-ray (posteroanterior and lateral views).subjected to: 1) Thorough history and clinical exammation. Fourty eight cases were diagnosed without transthoracic needle biopsy. These include: 1. Sixteen cases of vascular masses diagnosed by CT and neea.u confinnation by MRI in one case and by digital subtraction angiography in another case.