الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
until now, no diagpostic method has been successful in detectig malignant ovarian tumors at an early stage; although many studies about transabdominal ultrasound scanning with or wi thout the use of CA 125 r-ad Lo Lmmurio a s s ay have been reported. Malignant ovarian tumors are the leading cause of death from gynecological cancers. The early diagnosis of the disease was a matter of chance rather than a scientific approach. Furthermore, most of the diagnosed cases are discovered in late stages of the disease where the 5-year survival rate is low (20%). A total number of 2400 asymptomatic women were evaluated. 1200 were premenopausal (mean age was 44.7 +j- 3.6 ranging from 40-53 years), and 1200 were postmenopausal (mean age was 57.3 +j- 7.4 ranging from 47-71 years). All of them were sUbjected to clinical assessment, abdominal ultrasonic examination , and transvaginal color Doppler sonography. Morphological and functional findings had been scored using the total scoring system described by Kurjak and co-workers. positive cases were subjected to surgical intervention, operative staging, and histopathological studies. The final diagnosis was based on the pathological report. In the premenopausal group, 17 ovarian tumors were detected by transvaginal color Doppler sonography; 12 were benign and 2(14%) were malignant. In the postmenopausal.