الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The shunt in a cyanotic congenital heart disease is essentially a left to right one. This can be either on the atrial. ventricular or aortico pulmonary level. Atrial septal defects may be classified to ostium secundum. ostium primum. total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. The haemodynamic of ASD is addition of extra amount of blood from left to right atrium and then pumped by the right ventricle to the lung with increase in the pulmonary blood flow. At the ventricular level the shunt are classified into: infracristal. supracristal and muscular types. The haemodynamic of that group in a patient V7ith large left to right shunt is considered to have hyperkinetic pulmonary artery h’pertension. J,c The third group of shunts is at aortico pulmonary level either patentt ductus arteriosus or aortico pulmonary septal defect. In patent ductus arterious a large percentage of the aortic blood is shunted through the ductus arteriosus into the pulmonary artery returns to normal l:tmit after surgical closure of the ductus.